Appetizers and Lessons for Mathematics & Reason Français: 26 pages
A 1100+ page site with math-free logic chapters and wordy algebra chapters.
For comprehension, study site chapters and steps. Go beyond rote learning.

Logic mastery strengthens comprehension and so improves home, work & study abilities .
Logic 5 Chapters Arithmetic 10 Steps Algebra 12 Starter Steps & 5 Advanced Steps
Work & Study 23 Tips Geometry 15 Steps Calculus 70 Lessons

Ages 15+: Why study slopes Polynomials Quadratics Why factor polynomials Logarithms Functions
What is similarity Euclidean geometry leanly Coordinates + complex no.s Vectors DC Electric Circuits

Ages 14+: Prime factorization Written work formats Decimal place value Extend arithmetic skills orally
What is a variable 5 fraction operations by raising terms Solving Linear Equations: Take I Take II

Online Volumes: 1 - Elements of Reason, 2 - 3 Skills For Algebra, 3 - Why Slopes and
More Math
, 1A - Pattern Based Reason, 1B - Skill Development Principles + Troubles
Forewords + leading chapters give original reasons, still valid, for site content & growth.

Site Review: Mathphobics, this site may ease your fears of the subject, perhaps even help you njoy it. ... unintimidating, sometimes funny and very clear. ... . Read all. Continue with Volume 2, Three Skill for Algebra.

Site Review. Math resources ... span ... arithmetic, logic, algebra, calculus, complex numbers, and Euclidean geometry. Lessons and how-tos .... provide a good foundation ... Read all. See site books as well.

Teachers & Tutors: Site material uniquely explains common troubles in terms of steps too large or missing. Plus, this December 2011, 5-phase framework offers a context for mathematics & logic education. Phases 1 to 3 may focus on skills with actual or potential local value for adult & daily life. College-oriented phases 5 & 4 focus on calculus & preparation for it. Phases 1 to 4 may also serve trades & professions not dependent on calculus.

Location: Site Entrance < Archives < Mathematics Education Essays << the trouble with algebra

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27][28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64]


The Trouble With Algebra

People have difficulties in algebra as the shorthand role of letters and symbols appears  is required but steps for its full development are too large or missing.  Remedies are offered in site material.  The remedies (a)  describe and illustrate three skills for algebra; (b) describe and illustrate the direct and indirect use of equations,  proportionality equations included, and so vocalizes a unifying and hitherto theme  in  secondary school mathematics;  and (c) re-introduces the concept of what is a variable with words instead of symbols.   The remedies are continued in site pages on solving linear equations, arithmetic with polynomials, complex numbers and calculus.

Before or besides the early use of  formulas in primary school and of the  mastery via examples of  methods for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of fractions, the shorthand role of letters and symbols in describing the properties of arithmetic operations with further numbers (real or complex) can be introduced or hinted at by giving and illustrating algebraic descriptions of  these operations.

The unavoidable occurrence of arithmetic and algebraic expressions, better seen and read silently, has been a huge barrier to the role of words in  understanding and describing algebraic skills and concepts. Formulas and equations like pictures  are worth a thousand words. To lower the barrier but to circumvent it, site pages provide a more vocal, a more audible paths.  In retrospect, shortcomings in the exposition or explanation of algebraic skills and concepts has twisted or complicated learning and teaching from from first appearance of algebra to their full-strength use of algebra in elementary and advanced calculus. Finally, skill development and perfection requires some drill and practice - not too much but enough. The algebraic way of writing and reasoning before or during its development. requires mastery of arithmetic with fractions without a calculator - that arithmetic should be repeatable, reproducible, verifiable and automatic. 

Course design and delivery may now  follow the easier path of developing skills and concepts in solving linear equations, of arithmetic with polynomials, of complex numbers, from assumptions about arithmetic with real and complex numbers.

Optional would be a mixed inductive & deductive development of Euclidean Geometry and the properties of real and complex numbers where decimal representation of real numbers assumed..

All the foregoing has the aim of providing (i) an operational command of mixed mathematics and providing (ii) the algebraic-deductive maturity needed in the further and optional study of  modern  mathematics, axiom based.

 

Bookmark this page

Road Safety Messages. First Question: When and why should you face traffic?

More Site Folders and Pages

Parents: Help your child or teen learn:

Parent-friendly Work Booklets for ages 3+ to 13 Use these or others to check or build skills.

Mathematics Skills For Ages 3 to 14

Skills with take home value

Basic skills include time-date-calendar Matters; money matters; map, plan and scale diagram matters;counting, measuring and figuring; decision making with logic and likelyhood; being careful and being aware of the domino effect of mistakes; reading and writing with precision.

Is your child able to add, subtract and multiply amounts of money, work with fractions, work with clocks and calendars, work with maps and plans, and measure length, weight-mass and volume? Schools may promote your son or daughter without providing basic skills in reading, writing and arithmetic.

Arithmetic and Number Theory Skills

Algebra Starter Lessons

1 Working With Sets
2 Formula Forward Use - Evaluation
3 Solving Linear Equations - Skip first step with students able to solve 1 eqn in 1 unknown.
4 Computation Rules and Function Notation
5 Real Numbers
6 More Less Greater Than Inequalities and Comparison
7 Axioms Logic and Equivalent Equations
8 Unifying Theme For Algebra
9 Proportionality Backwards and Forwards
10 Examples of Algebraic Reasoning
A Origins of Counting and Figuring Methods
B Real Numbers Extrinsic Development


Site coverage of formuala evaluation format, of computation rules and axioms, and of the forward and backward use of formulas and proportionality relations lessens the amount of natural talent needed to understand and explain algebra.

Geometry - maps plans trigonometry vectors

1 Maps Plans Measurement
2 Euclidean Geometry - Constructions + extras
3 Cartesian and Polar Coordinates
4 Lines and Slopes Take 1
5 What is Similarity
6 Trigonometry first steps
7 Complex Numbers
8 Unit-Circle Trigonometry
9 Lines and Slopes Take 2 with tangent function
10 Intersecting Straight Lines and Transversals
11 Parallel Straight Lines and Transversals
12 Function Translating and Rescaling
13 Vectors
14 Degrees to Radians and Radians to Degrees
15 Arc or Inverse Trigonometric Function

Pre-Teen and young teen mastery of skills and practices which should be common with map-plans-diagrams drawn to scale, contour interpretation included, has actual or potential take-home value for daily- and adult-life in solving routine problems. Elevating some practices to principles, axioms or postualates, provides a base for analytic and Euclidean geometry, an analytic view of similarity, and an efficient mastery of trigonometry and complex numbers. Right triangle trigonometry provide an analytic alternative to solving geometric problems by drawing diagrams to scale.

More Algebra

Natural-Logarithms Exponentials Powers Roots
Five Polynomial Operations
Quadratics Geometrically
Functions
5 Factored Polynomial Sign Analysis Examples
Rewriting algebraic substitution as function substitutions

The first topic leads to a full high school level theory for the forward and backward mastery of growth and decay models and for definition, range and domains of radicals, roots and powers. The next two topics make quadratics and polynomials easier to learn and teach. Site coverage of functions turns vertical and horizontal line rules into computation methods for evaluating functions.

70 Calculus Starter Lessons


Return to Page Top

Location: Site Entrance < Archives < Mathematics Education Essays << the trouble with algebra

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27][28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64]


Logic-Reason for all
Careful Thinking
Chains of Reason
Mathematical Induction
Responsibility
Bodies-of-Knowledge

Arithmetic - Ages 10+
1. Deciml Place Value - fun
2. Decimals for Tutors
3. Prime Factors - quickly
4. Fractions + Ratios
5. Arith with units - science

Geometry
1 Maps + Plans Use
2 Euclidean Geometry
3 Rct +Polr Coordinates
4 Lines-Slopes [I]
5. What is Similarity
Algebra Starters - the base
1. Better Work Format
2. Solve Linear Eqns
3. Computation Rules
4. Axioms, Item 3 Viewpnt
5. Formulas Backwards
More Algebra
Logarithms-ax & m/nth roots
Five Polynomial Operations
Quadratics Geometrically
Functions || Vectors too
Arith. Skill Check+Answers
Calculus Prep/Preview
What is a Variable
Why study slopes
Why factor polynomials
Complex Numbers
Limits + Continuity

All trademarks and copyrights in this are owned by their respective owners.
Copyright to comments & contributions are owned by the Poster.
The Rest © 1995-2011, by site author, Alan Selby, Ph. D., Montreal,
All Rights Reserved --- Skype or Email to contact.