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||Définition d'une variable || Algèbre || Arithmetique || Logique ||La raison basée sur les règles et modelés||
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YOU are better than YOU think. Show yourself  how: 

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Read  logic chapters 1 to 5  in online volume Three Skills for Algebra  for greater skills & confidence in  work 
and study.

Read notes and textbooks like a lawyer, so that no nuance, no subtlety and no clause escapes your attention. 

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 Logic chapters 1 to 5  re- appear not in sequence, as is or longer,  in  Volume 1A,  Pattern Based Reason, Bon Appetite.

Logic Mastery
 Amazing, Amusing, Amorous,  Delicious, Delightful, Edifying, Strengthening Elixir. 
It eases work & learning difficulties Makes the hard easier. Opens eyes. Leads to greater precision.
in reading and
writing

Logic mastery makes the hard, easier. Logic mastery  leads to better, stronger and richer comprehension.  Logic mastery  improves reading and writing.  Logic mastery ease learning difficulties.  Logic mastery gives a headstart.  In sum, logic mastery  will develops critical thinking, improve reading and writing, and give a firmer base for work and studies at many levels. Good luck.


After logic  (a) continue reading Three Skills for Algebra, chapters 8 to 14  and do so alongside site area on solving liinear Equations ; or (b) see this calculus starter lesson and Volume 3, Why Slopes  & More Math, chapters 2 to 6;

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Caution: Site advice is approximately correct, for some circumstances, not all. That leaves room for thought

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What may be learnt and when depends on how skills and concepts are developed. Making the hard easier and clearer will allow earlier & richer development of skills and concepts.


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For online automated help in senior high school maths & calculus, visit  quickmath.com  For Automatic Calculus and Algebra Help with derivatives, integrals, graphs, linear equations, matrix algebra, visit calc101.com  With  overlap, each site quickmath & calc101offers a different range of services, some free, some not, all based on webmathematica. Good luck.

 

Summary and Extension

A. Graphing the Standard Form.

The quadratic y = a[(x-h)2 + k ] has a graph obtained by translating the points on the graph of

 y = x2 , a parabola,

 by the shift (h,k) and then applying the parameter a as a positive or negative vertical scaling, positive or negative depending on the sign of a, to the (h,k) translated or shifted parabola  y = x2 The translated and vertically rescaled parabola has an axis of symmetry x = h.

Further, the quadratic y = a[(x-h)2 + k ] has a minimum value y = k at x = h if a is positive; and maximum value y = k at x = h if a is negative.

If a is positive, the graph of parabola and its axis of symmetry is pitchfork that opens up ward.   If a is negative, the graph of the parabola and its axis of symmetry is a pitchfork opening downward.

B.  Completing the Square, Effect of

By completing the square, each quadratic

ax2+bx+c = a[(x-h)2 + k ]

with h = -b/(2a) and k = (4ac-b2)/(4a2).

The graph of  

y = ax2+bx+c = a[(x-h)2 + k ]

 has an axis of symmetry with equation

 x =  -b/(2a)

C. Axes of Symmetry and Zeroes.

If the a > 0, the quadratic has a minimum on the axis of symmetry, around which the parabola opens upward. The graph of

y = ax2+bx+c = a[(x-h)2 + k ]

along with the axis of symmetry then looks like a pitchfork opening upwards.

If the a < 0, the quadratic has a maximum on the axis of symmetry, around which the parabola opens downward. The graph of

y = ax2+bx+c = a[(x-h)2 + k ]

along with the axis of symmetry then looks like a pitchfork opening upwards.

The point with coordinates [h, ak] = [q, ah2+hq+c] is the vertex of the quadratic. It is the lowest point on the quadratic if a> 0 and it is the highest point if a < 0.  If a> 0 the quadratic opens upward. If a < 0, the quadratic opens downward.  

If k < 0, then (x-h)2 + k = 0 when and only when  (x-h)2 = -k or 
x-h =±   __
Ö-k
  or   x = h ±   __
Ö-k

This gives the first way to solve a[(x-h)2 + k ] = 0 or  ax2+bx+c = 0 when ax2+bx+c = a[(x-h)2 + k ]. The solutions are equidistant from the axis of symmetry, the line x = h.

If  k < 0 then solutions of the quadratic  equation ax2+bx+c  = 0 are also given by

x =
-b±   ______
Öb2-4ac

2a

These two values are x-intercepts for the graph of y = ax2+bx+c. They are equidistant from its axis of symmetry.x = h.  Here h = -b/(2a).

Special Case: If the discriminant b2-4ac = 0 then k = 0 and  the quadratic ax2+bx+c  = 0  on the axis of symmetry and there is only one x-intercept, namely x = -b/(2a)

If you are given that or show that ax2+bx+c = a(x +s)(x+r)  then   x = -s and x = -r give one or two x-intercepts of y = ax2+bx+c, and  the axis of symmetry is at  x =  -½(r+s) = -b/(2a), halfway between the two intercepts. You may show that  show that ax2+bx+c = a(x +s)(x+r) with factoring by inspection (if it works) or via two steps: (i) completing the square and (ii) factoring via difference of two squares if a difference of two squares results from the completing the square.

 

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